Where Does The Pygmy Marmoset Live – Pygmy marmosets are widely distributed in the Amazon rainforest, from the Rio Caquetá in Colombia, the Rio Madeira in Brazil, to the Río Mayo and Río Huallaga in Peru. They can be reliably found in large rain forests near the Amazon River basins and can thrive in a variety of forest types, from floodplains and secondary forests to upland forests, and even isolated areas near human settlements. In general, they seem to need dense canopy cover when jumping between trees.
Western pygmy marmosets tend to congregate near river banks with up to 270 individuals per 0.4 square miles (1 sq km) in such an area, while in some forested areas researchers have reported up to 51 individuals per 0.4 square miles (1 sq km) )
Where Does The Pygmy Marmoset Live
Pygmy marmosets have recently received much attention in the world of taxonomic classification. In 2018, a few researchers suggested that there may be three groups within the pygmy marmoset species based on the color of the marmoset’s chest and belly fur. But this was quickly contradicted by zoologists who collected more samples, carried out genetic studies and showed that fur color is not enough to distinguish pygmy marmosets from each other. They said that there were only two species of pygmy marmoset – the western pygmy marmoset, found north of the Napo and Solimões-Amazonas rivers, and the eastern pygmy marmoset (Cebuella niveventris), located in the south. This distinction of pygmy marmosets in the two species was confirmed by genetic studies in 2021.
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With a body weight of 2–5 ounces (85–140 g) and a length of up to 5 inches (13.6 cm), the western pygmy marmoset is one of the smallest New World monkeys. Pygmy animals are so small that they are called “finger monkeys” because they can fit comfortably on a human finger. The skulls are small, between 1.3 and 1.5 inches (3.3-3.8 cm) – about the size of an AirPod!
The western pygmy monkey is the smallest of the New World monkeys. Their bodies are covered in brown and rusty stripes, making it very difficult to spot them in the wild, among the trees of the Amazon rainforest. Their heads are covered in brindled (striped) mane, which covers the ears and leaves only the eyes and a small nose visible. They have a characteristic white nose line and black colored genitalia. There is no sexual dimorphism, so males and females look the same. Their sharp teeth can be seen when they bite into tree bark, and overall they can look aggressive despite their small size.
Western pygmy marmosets have some unique characteristics. They have longer arms than legs, which is unusual for most mammals. Unlike the flat claws of many other animals, Western pygmy marmosets have pointed claws to help them climb trees. Their tail is longer than their body. These atomic features work together as alternately climbing upright on tree trunks, jumping from trees, and grasping insects with hands.
Western pygmy marmosets change in size and appearance as they grow into adults. As babies between 0 and 2 months old, they are small but have a large head covered with fuzzy hair. At this time, they seem to be always unskilled, they have no motor skills, and an adult usually carries them. As a child, from six months to a year, they grew and the size of the head became more equal. The hair around their genitals begins to develop its dark or black character. As adults between the ages of 1 to 1.5 years, they appear older, slightly smaller, and the scrotum of men begins to develop the black color seen in adults (older than 1.5 years).
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Marmosets eat fruit, flowers and insects, but they mainly feed on the sap or sap of trees, vines and other plants. Sap is a sugar- and mineral-rich liquid that carries nutrients to the tree (similar to blood in the human body), and is protected by the thickness of the bark. Western pygmy marmosets use their mandible-like lower teeth to poke holes in the bark so that they can sip juice. A family of Western pygmy marmosets can make more than 100 burrows in a single tree. Each pit is about 0.4–0.6 inches (1–1.5 cm) and is reused by the moths for juice. Usually, when marmosets find a suitable tree, they start digging these holes at the base of the tree and work their way up. When marmosets drill these holes, the tree responds by releasing more sap to heal the tree. This tree also forms scars around the holes that look like pimples. These lumps are similar to the marmosets that feed on the tree, which is the hiding place of the marmosets.
Western pygmy marmosets are diurnal (active during the day), and at night all members gather to rest or sleep in one tree. Their small size and camouflage color make them difficult to spot in the wild. Western pygmy marmosets are shy animals that prefer to hide rather than fight when faced with threats from other species, so their behavior is said to be mysterious or secretive. A reliable way to find and observe them would be to find their unique holes in the bark. Marmosets visit holes often to feed, and if you sit and wait near a tree with new feeding holes, there is a good chance of seeing a group. To get a reliable estimate of how many western pygmy marmoset monkeys are in the area, it is better to find their tree resting and watch them enter a tree hole or nest, because it is easier to count them when they are gathered together in a place.
The small size and fast movement of the western pygmy marmoset gives them the advantage of ambushing insects, such as insects and butterflies, when hunting. They can also jump great distances relative to their body size. The longest jump recorded is 4.5 feet (1.4 m), and they can jump up to 15 meters from one tree to another.
Those primates live in family groups, but they can also be communal, especially around sap trees with feeding holes. Their home usually consists of a few succulent trees and one dormant tree. Troops can stay as close as 330 yards (100 m) apart. Sometimes, if the tree is a good sap, pygmy marmosets will make that tree their “home tree,” where they spend most of the day browsing—and sometimes sleeping there, too.
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When a tree dries up, a family of Western Pygmy Marmosets will move to another tree and sometimes even remove another group from their tree!
Western pygmy marmosets are the smallest of the New World monkeys. They are sometimes called “finger monkeys” because they are small.
They mainly survive on tree sap. They have specialized teeth to bore holes in trees and claws to attach themselves to tree trunks.
They live in cooperative breeding groups, where only the most important males and females reproduce and the rest of the family help take care of the babies.
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When the group wakes up, they leave the tree resting in single file and then disperse in different directions to find feeding holes where they can feed. They tend to be more active in the early, cooler hours of the day and seek shelter during the hot and humid days.
Western pygmy marmosets start their day around 06.00 when they feed on their favorite tree for about three hours. After 09.00 most members of the family spend time digging many food holes in the tree, usually in the trunk at a height of less than 10 meters. Some members may move and try to catch other insects to eat during this time.
About 32% of the western pygmy marmoset’s day is spent eating juice and the same amount of time resting. In 16% of the day they hunt insects, they walk 11%, and 9% of the day is spent playing, cleaning and other social activities.
Western pygmy marmosets can be found in three levels of social order. They can be in the military, single people and start up organizations. In the population of western pygmy marmosets, most individuals (83%) are part of the army.
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Most people are probably familiar with primate armies made up of close family members. In western pygmy marmosets, a group is formed around an adult male and female that mate and produce offspring. Older children can become part of the group and help care for the next generation of young marmosets. The group may have multiple generations of marmosets that may be male or female, but only the alpha parents mate. Older children can leave the native army (where they were born) and form their own army.
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